Articles

Trench safety is still very real

September 17, 2024

Trenching safety remains a critical concern for our industry. Recent developments and ongoing challenges underscore the need for vigilance and best practices. Let's look at the latest news and essential tips for maintaining top-notch trenching safety programs.

Recent developments

The year 2022 marked a turning point in trenching safety awareness and enforcement. An alarming spike in trench-related fatalities prompted swift action from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

In fiscal year 2022, 39 workers lost their lives due to trench collapses, more than doubling the 15 deaths recorded in 2021 and reaching the highest level since 2005. In response, OSHA launched a national enforcement program in June 2022, focusing the "full force of enforcement and compliance assistance resources" on addressing these serious hazards.

Key initiatives included:

Enhanced reporting and recording of trenching and excavation inspections
Development of outreach programs by each area OSHA office
Updated National Emphasis Program (NEP) on trenching safety
Creation of new compliance assistance resources

The impact of these measures has been noticeable, with trench-related fatalities decreasing to at least 14 in 2023. However, with at least 4 deaths already recorded in the first quarter of 2024, the industry must remain vigilant.

Industry initiatives

The trench safety industry continues to take proactive steps to improve awareness and practices:

June 2024 has been declared Trench Safety Month by the National Utility Contractors Association
"Shore Up for Safety Week" was held in May to promote safety awareness and training
Organizations like the North American Excavation Shoring Association (NAXSA) are working to promote safe excavation practices

Despite these efforts, challenges persist. Over the past five years (2019-2023), an estimated 90-100 workers have died in trench collapses. As industry professionals, it's our responsibility to prioritize safety and implement robust programs to protect our workers.

Best practices for trenching safety programs

1. Develop a comprehensive safety plan

Start by creating a detailed safety plan that addresses all aspects of trenching operations.

Assign roles and responsibilities, including designating competent persons
Outline specific protective systems for various trench depths and soil types
Establish clear communication protocols
Define emergency response procedures

2. Implement proper protective systems

Always use appropriate protective systems based on trench depth and soil conditions.

For trenches 5-20 feet deep, use sloping, benching, shoring, or shielding systems as determined by a competent person
For trenches deeper than 20 feet, protective systems must be designed by a registered professional engineer
Never allow workers to enter an unprotected trench

3. Conduct regular inspections

Daily inspections are crucial for maintaining a safe work environment.

Inspect trenches at the start of each shift and after any environmental changes (e.g., rainstorms)
Check for signs of potential cave-ins, such as fissures or tension cracks
Test for hazardous atmospheres in trenches deeper than 4 feet
Ensure that heavy equipment and excavated materials are kept at least 2 feet from trench edges

4. Provide comprehensive training

Equip your team with the knowledge they need to work safely.

Train all workers on trench hazards and safety procedures
Ensure competent persons receive specialized training in soil analysis and protective system selection
Conduct regular refresher courses to reinforce safety practices

5. Utilize alternative methods when possible

Consider safer alternatives to traditional trenching when appropriate.

Explore trenchless technologies like directional boring or pipe ramming
Evaluate the feasibility of utility tunneling for larger projects

6. Foster a safety-first culture

Encourage open communication and empower workers to prioritize safety.

Promote a "stop work" authority for all employees if unsafe conditions are observed
Regularly discuss safety concerns and near-misses in team meetings
Recognize and reward safe behaviors and proactive hazard reporting

Key Safety Reminders

As we continue to improve our safety practices, let's keep these critical points in mind:

Workers should never enter an unprotected trench
Trenches can collapse suddenly without warning
A protective system designed by a competent person must be in place before workers enter trenches 5 feet deep or greater
Proper sloping, benching, shoring, or shielding is required to prevent cave-ins

Remember, no job is so urgent that we can't take the time to do it safely.

Stay safe out there, and let's work together to make our industry safer for everyone.

-NSH

Sources:

https://www.osha.gov/trenching-excavation

https://www.osha.gov/news/newsreleases/national/07142022

https://www.blanchardmachinery.com/about/blog/equipment/6-top-trenching-safety-tips-trench-safety-guide

https://utilitycontractormagazine.com/trenching-safety-tips/

https://www.safetyproresources.com/blog/trenching-excavation-safety-tips-contractors-should-know

https://www.ufginsurance.com/about-ufg/simplesolutionsblog/simplesolutionsblog/2023/04/28/trenching-safety-rules-for-construction-sites

Disclaimer: This is not legal advice and shall not be construed as such.